Guided+Reading+Questions+and+Answers+For+Modern+South+Africa

__**Guuided Reading Questions for pages 478 and 479**__ Khoisan speakers live in the Southern and Western part of the Country 4. Cape Town was originally a Dutch fort set up in 1652 near the Cape of Good hope to restock Dutch ships as they traveled to East Asia 5. The veldt was important to the Dutch because its grassy prairie was used to raise cattle 6.Effects of Dutch settlers on the original inhabitants of South Africa: 7. The coloured replaced the original population of South Africa they were descendants of Dutch and Khoisan speaking parents, or enslaved people 8. When Great Britain gained control of South Africa in 1806 they freed the slaves and tried to limit the amount of land the Dutch took from the native inhabitants. The Dutch settlers, who were not used to this kind of restriction moved North and east where they would be away from British control. 9. The Migration of the Dutch from British control into North and East South Africa is called the Great Trek 10. As the Dutch moved north and west they fought the Bantu speaking peoples. The Native people were no match for the well armed settlers 11. Afrikaners are the descendants of the Dutch and English settlers who first came to South Africa 12. in 1910, The Union of South Africa was formed from the Afrikaner and British colonies
 * 1) Whites were people from Europe, Blacks were native Africans, Asians were people from Asian such as India, Coloured were people of mixed background
 * 2) original people of South Africa:
 * Khoisan-speakers of the Southern and Western part of Country
 * Bantu speakers who settled in the eastern part of South Africa after migrating from Northern Africa before the 1500s
 * death of inhabitants
 * loss of land and cattle
 * diseases which Africans were not immune to

__**Guided Reading Questions for pages 480 to 483**__

Laws were passes that discriminated against anyone who was not white such as limited right to vote
 * 1) Life was so difficult for blacks in South Africa because:
 * 1) The Afrikaner political party wanted no mixing of the races; racial separation became the official government policy
 * 2) the wealth of South Africa’s farms and its diamond and gold mines went to hands of white minority
 * 3) apartheid discriminated against whites by:
 * limiting training of blacks at school
 * no entry to post offices, libraries, restaurants, parks and other areas set aside for whites
 * regulated kinds of work people were allowed to do
 * determined who you could marry
 * 1) Bantustans were reserves of land where blacks were made to live. They were called “homelands ” as if the people had always lived there
 * 2) “Pass laws” restricted the travel of blacks from Bantustans to townships, black settlements near cities. Passes had to be shown to police whenever requested
 * 3) The Sharpsville massacre began a new era in the struggle for justice, no longer would black South Africans Accept unjust policies
 * 4) The African National Congress’ purpose was to help black South Africans gain equal rights
 * 5) The African National Congress ended its longtime policy of non violent protest and began to attack government property
 * 6) In protest of apartheid, many countries of the world began a boycott of South Africa and refused to buy their products.
 * 7) The boycott weakened the economy of South Africa and leaders began to reconsider changes in apartheid
 * 8) Nelson Mandela led the African national Congress; he was charged with treason and sentenced to life in prison; in 1990, 27 years after being imprisoned he was freed; in 1994 he was elected South Africa’s first black president.
 * 9) Mandela led the transition from apartheid by: beginning school lunch programs and health clinics for the poor; land was repurchased from white farmers and returned to the original owners.
 * 10) South Africa still faces problems: education, high crime rates and unemployment
 * 11) Mr. Jacob Zuma is the current president of South Africa.